Procedures

Calculation of turbulent particle trajectories utilizing a * zero-acceleration scheme, which is corrected by a numerically more * accurate Petterssen scheme whenever possible. * * Particle positions are read in, incremented, and returned to the calling * program. * * In different regions of the atmosphere (PBL vs. free troposphere), * different parameters are needed for advection, parameterizing turbulent * velocities, etc. For efficiency, different interpolation routines have * been written for these different cases, with the disadvantage that there * exist several routines doing almost the same. They all share the * included file 'interpol_mod'. The following * interpolation routines are used: * * interpol_all(_nest) interpolates everything (called inside the PBL) * interpol_misslev(_nest) if a particle moves vertically in the PBL, * additional parameters are interpolated if it * crosses a model level * interpol_wind(_nest) interpolates the wind and determines the * standard deviation of the wind (called outside * PBL) also interpolates potential vorticity * interpol_wind_short(_nest) only interpolates the wind (needed for the * Petterssen scheme) * interpol_vdep(_nest) interpolates deposition velocities * * * Author: A. Stohl * * 16 December 1997 * * Changes: * * 8 April 2000: Deep convection parameterization * * May 2002: Petterssen scheme introduced * * 2021, L. Bakels: * - Separated PBL and above PBL computations in different * subroutines * - Moved all turbulence computations to turbulence_mod.f90 *

Dynamic allocation of arrays

Belward, A.S., Estes, J.E., and Kline, K.D., 1999, * The IGBP-DIS 1-Km Land-Cover Data Set DISCover: * A Project Overview: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing , * v. 65, no. 9, p. 1013-1020 * * if there are no data in the inventory * the ECMWF land/sea mask is used to distinguish * between sea (-> ocean) and land (-> grasslands). * * Author: A. Stohl * * 5 December 1996 * 8 February 1999 Additional use of nests, A. Stohl * 29 December 2006 new landuse inventory, S. Eckhardt *

2.) Linear vertical interpolation on logarithmic scale

2.) Linear vertical interpolation on logarithmic scale

Particles are created by this subroutine continuously throughout the * simulation at the boundaries of the domain-filling box. * All particles carry the same amount of mass which alltogether comprises the* mass of air within the box, which remains (more or less) constant. * * Author: A. Stohl * * 16 October 2002 * * Changes * 2022, L. Bakels: OpenMP parallelisation * *

Returns the minimum length of a run from 32-63 so that N/MIN_RUN is less than or equal to a power of two. See https://svn.python.org/projects/python/trunk/Objects/listsort.txt

Variables: * * nage Age class of the particle considered * jpart Index of the particle considered * xold,yold,zold "Memorized" old positions of the particle * *

This subroutine calculates the matrix describing convective * redistribution of mass in a grid column, using the subroutine * convect43c.f provided by Kerry Emanuel. * * Petra Seibert, Bernd C. Krueger, 2000-2001 * *

CBL skewed vertical profiles and formulation of LHH 1996 with profile of w^3 from LHB 2000 LHH formulation has been modified to account for variable density profiles and backward in time or forward in time simulations see Cassiani et al. BLM 2014 doi for explanations and references

Written on 3/31/94 by Dr. Albion Taylor NOAA / OAR / ARL

Written on 3/31/94 by Dr. Albion Taylor NOAA / OAR / ARL

Variables: * itime [s] actual simulation time [s] * *

Written on 3/31/94 by Dr. Albion Taylor NOAA / OAR / ARL

Variables: * nspeciesdim = nspec for forward runs, 1 for backward runs * *

Variables: * outnum number of samples * ncells number of cells with non-zero concentrations * sparse .true. if in sparse matrix format, else .false. * tot_mu 1 for forward, initial mass mixing ration for backw. runs * *

Variables: * outnum number of samples * ncells number of cells with non-zero concentrations * sparse .true. if in sparse matrix format, else .false. * tot_mu 1 for forward, initial mass mixing ration for backw. runs * *

Variables: * outnum number of samples * ncells number of cells with non-zero concentrations * sparse .true. if in sparse matrix format, else .false. * tot_mu 1 for forward, initial mass mixing ration for backw. runs * *

Variables: * outnum number of samples * ncells number of cells with non-zero concentrations * sparse .true. if in sparse matrix format, else .false. * tot_mu 1 for forward, initial mass mixing ration for backw. runs * *

Variables: * itime current simulation time * outnum number of samples * *

Variables: * outnum number of samples * ncells number of cells with non-zero concentrations * sparse .true. if in sparse matrix format, else .false. * tot_mu 1 for forward, initial mass mixing ration for backw. runs * *

T: Array of absolute temperature (K) of dimension ND, with first index corresponding to lowest model level. Note that this array will be altered by the subroutine if dry convective adjustment occurs and if IPBL is not equal to 0.

handles all the calculations related to convective mixing Petra Seibert, Bernd C. Krueger, Feb 2001 nested grids included, Bernd C. Krueger, May 2001

DESCRIPTION: This subroutine transforms x and y coordinates of * particle release points to grid coordinates. * *

This subroutine creates an initial particle positions and properties * NetCDF file: partinit_xxx.nc * The release time, release number and positions, together with all fields * specified in the PARTOPTIONS option file will saved. * * Author: L. Bakels 2022 * *

Written on 3/31/94 by Dr. Albion Taylor NOAA / OAR / ARL

This routine reads the 1st file with windfields to determine * the format. * * Authors: M. Harustak * * 6 May 2015 * * Unified ECMWF and GFS builds * Marian Harustak, 12.5.2017 * - Added routine to FP10 Flexpart distribution *

Variables: * * nunc uncertainty class of the respective particle * nage age class of the respective particle * deposit amount (kg) to be deposited * *

Variables: * * nunc uncertainty class of the respective particle * nage age class of the respective particle * deposit amount (kg) to be deposited * *

testing

SAETTIGUNGSDAMPFDRUCK UEBER WASSER IN PA. X IN KELVIN. NACH DER GOFF-GRATCH-FORMEL.

$ f_qvsat = rddrv * fespt / (p-(1.0-rddrv)*fespt) !old

This subroutine computes the vertical interpolation variables * logarithmically, unless log_interpol=.false. in the par_mod * * Author: L. Bakels *

Variables: * ncellse number of cells with non-zero values for eastward fluxes * sparsee .true. if in sparse matrix format, else .false. * *

Returns number of particles currently alive *

Returns the first free spot to put a new particle

This subroutine calculates particle settling velocity. * * Author: A. Stohl * * May 2010 * * Improvement over traditional settling calculation in FLEXPART: * generalize to higher Reynolds numbers and also take into account the * temperature dependence of dynamic viscosity. * * Based on: * Naeslund E., and Thaning, L. (1991): On the settling velocity in a * nonstationary atmosphere, Aerosol Science and Technology 14, 247-256. * * Changes * Daria Tatsii 2022: implementation of shape factor according to * Bagheri & Bonadonna 2016 *

Returns total number of particles spawned *

Calculation of the probability for dry deposition * * Particle positions are read in - prob returned * *

Calculation of wet deposition using the concept of scavenging coefficients.* For lack of detailed information, washout and rainout are jointly treated. * It is assumed that precipitation does not occur uniformly within the whole * grid cell, but that only a fraction of the grid cell experiences rainfall. * This fraction is parameterized from total cloud cover and rates of large * scale and convective precipitation. * * Author: A. Stohl * * 1 December 1996 * * Correction by Petra Seibert, Sept 2002: * use centred precipitation data for integration * Code may not be correct for decay of deposition! * * ZHG, for v10: use below-cloud scavenging according to Laakso et al (2003) * and Kyro et al (2009) as described in Grytte et al (2017, GMD) * * PS, AP 04/2019: - put back temporal interpolation of rain, from v10.01 * - tansferred BCSCHEME parameters to par_mod.f90 * - added call to rain interpolation subroutine with new * interpolation for rain and all cloud params * - cleaned up scavenging determination algorithm * - added new below-cloud scavenging scheme * *

Variables: * * itime time since start of simulation in sec * *

Variables: * itime [s] actual simulation time [s] * *

This subroutine manages the 3 data fields to be kept in memory. * During the first time step of petterssen it has to be fulfilled that the * first data field must have |wftime|<itime, i.e. the absolute value of * wftime must be smaller than the absolute value of the current time in [s]. The other 2 fields are the next in time after the first one. * Pointers (memind) are used, because otherwise one would have to resort the wind fields, which costs a lot of computing time. Here only the pointers * are resorted. * * Author: A. Stohl * * 29 April 1994 * *

Calculation of the quasilaminar sublayer resistance to dry deposition. * * AUTHOR: Andreas Stohl, 20 May 1995 * *

Calculation of the surface resistance according to the procedure given * in: * Wesely (1989): Parameterization of surface resistances to gaseous * dry deposition in regional-scale numerical models. * Atmos. Environ. 23, 1293-1304. * * * AUTHOR: Andreas Stohl, 19 May 1995 * *

This routine calculates the dry deposition velocities. * * Author: A. Stohl * * 20 December 1996 * Sabine Eckhardt, Jan 07 * if the latitude is negative: add half a year to the julian day * *

This routine calculates the dry deposition velocities. * * Author: A. Stohl * * 20 December 1996 * Sabine Eckhardt, Jan 07 * if the latitude is negative: add half a year to the julian day * *

Unified ECMWF and GFS builds * Marian Harustak, 12.5.2017 * - Renamed from gridcheck to gridcheck_ecmwf * * *
Anne Tipka, Petra Seibert 2021-02: implement new interpolation * for precipitation according to #295 using 2 additional fields * *

Unified ECMWF and GFS builds * Marian Harustak, 12.5.2017 * - Renamed routine from gridcheck to gridcheck_gfs * * *
Anne Tipka, Petra Seibert 2021-02: implement new interpolation * for precipitation according to #295 using 2 additional fields * *

Anne Tipka, Petra Seibert 2021-02: implement new interpolation * for precipitation according to #295 using 2 additional fields * *

Computation of \sigma_i and \tau_L based on the scheme of Hanna (1982) * Source: 'Atmospheric Turbulence and Air Polution', chapter 4 and 7, * J.A. Businger, edited by F.T.M. Nieuwstadt and H. van Dop * * * Author: A. Stohl * * 4 December 1997 * *

Computation of \sigma_i and \tau_L based on the scheme of Hanna (1982) * Source: 'Atmospheric Turbulence and Air Polution', chapter 4 and 7, * J.A. Businger, edited by F.T.M. Nieuwstadt and H. van Dop * * Author: A. Stohl * * 4 December 1997 * *

Computation of \sigma_i and \tau_L based on the scheme of Hanna (1982) * * Author: A. Stohl * * 4 December 1997 * *

Initializes particles equally distributed over the first release location * specified in file RELEASES. This box is assumed to be the domain for doing * domain-filling trajectory calculations. * All particles carry the same amount of mass which alltogether comprises the* mass of air within the box. * * Author: A. Stohl * * 15 October 2002 * * Changes * 2022, L. Bakels: OpenMP parallelisation * 2023, L. Bakels: smooth vertical particle distribution instead of * distributing particles on fixed vertical layers * *

Initializes particles equally distributed over the first release location * specified in file RELEASES. This box is assumed to be the domain for doing * domain-filling trajectory calculations. * All particles carry the same amount of mass which alltogether comprises the* mass of air within the box. * * Author: A. Stohl, Oct 2002 * Modifications: * R. Thompson, Sep 2023: added initialization of mass from grid based * on code of S. Henne for Flexpart-CTM * *

AF IND_SOURCE switches between different units for concentrations at the source Af NOTE that in backward simulations the release of particles takes place at the Af receptor and the sampling at the source. Af 1="mass" Af 2="mass mixing ratio" Af IND_RECEPTOR switches between different units for concentrations at the receptor Af 1="mass" Af 2="mass mixing ratio" 3 = wet deposition in outputfield 4 = dry deposition in outputfield

Calculation of trajectories utilizing a zero-acceleration scheme. The time* step is determined by the Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy (CFL) criterion. This * means that the time step must be so small that the displacement within * this time step is smaller than 1 grid distance. Additionally, a temporal * CFL criterion is introduced: the time step must be smaller than the time * interval of the wind fields used for interpolation. * For random walk simulations, these are the only time step criteria. * For the other options, the time step is also limited by the Lagrangian * time scale. * * Author: A. Stohl * * 16 December 1997 * * Literature: * *

Changes * 2022 L. Bakels: OpenMP parallelisation *

Variables: * ncells number of cells with non-zero concentrations * sparse .true. if in sparse matrix format, else .false. * *

Variables: * ncells number of cells with non-zero concentrations * sparse .true. if in sparse matrix format, else .false. * *

This subroutine handles the different forms of starting FLEXPART * depending on IPIN (set in COMMAND) * * IPIN=0: this routine is not called and particles are read from the * RELEASE option file * IPIN=1: restarting from a restart.bin file, written by a previous run * IPIN=2: restarting from a partoutput_xxx.nc file written by a previous * run, depending on what PARTOPTIONS the user has chosen, this * option might not be possible to use * IPIN=3: starting a run from a user defined initial particle conditions, * more on how to create such a file can be found in the manual * IPIN=4: restarting a run, while also reading in the initial particle * conditions * * Author: L. Bakels 2022 * *

This subroutine interpolates everything that is needed for calculating the* dispersion. * * Author: A. Stohl * * 16 December 1997 * * Revision March 2005 by AST : all output variables in common block cal- * culation of standard deviation done in this * routine rather than subroutine call in order * to save computation time * *

This subroutine interpolates u,v,w, density and density gradients. * * Author: A. Stohl * * 16 December 1997 * Update: 2 March 1999 * * Revision March 2005 by AST : all output variables in common block cal- * culation of standard deviation done in this * routine rather than subroutine call in order * to save computation time * *

Interpolation of meteorological fields on 2-d model layers. * In horizontal direction bilinear interpolation is used. * Temporally a linear interpolation is used. * Seven fields are interpolated at the same time. * * This is a special version of levlininterpol to save CPU time. * * 1 first time * 2 second time * * * Author: A. Stohl * * 30 August 1996 * * * PS, AP 04/2019, 11/2020: * put back temporal interpolation of rain, from v10.01 * and cloud bottom / thickness interpolation * PS, AP 01/2021: * interpolate particle temperature and cloud total water * PS, AP 02/2021: * interpolation of precipitation using two additional fields * which are temporally equidistant between the main fields * *

This subroutine interpolates the wind data to current trajectory position.* * Author: A. Stohl * * 16 December 1997 * * Revision March 2005 by AST : all output variables in common block cal- * culation of standard deviation done in this * routine rather than subroutine call in order * to save computation time * *

This subroutine interpolates the wind data to current trajectory position.* * Author: A. Stohl * * 16 December 1997 * * Revision March 2005 by AST : all output variables in common block * *

This subroutine calculates mean and standard deviation of a given element.* * AUTHOR: Andreas Stohl, 25 January 1994 * * Double precision version ESO 2016 *

This subroutine calculates mean and standard deviation of a given element.* * AUTHOR: Andreas Stohl, 25 January 1994 * * Mixed precision version ESO 2016 (dp in, sp out, dp out) *

This subroutine calculates mean and standard deviation of a given element.* * AUTHOR: Andreas Stohl, 25 January 1994 * * Mixed precision version ESO 2016 (dp in, sp out, sp out) *

This subroutine calculates mean and standard deviation of a given element.* * AUTHOR: Andreas Stohl, 25 January 1994 * * Single precision version ESO 2016 *

Dynamic allocation of arrays

netcdf error message handling

This routine opens the output file for the plume trajectory output * produced by the cluster analysis. * * Author: A. Stohl * * 27 January 2001 * *

This routine initializes the output grids * * Author: A. Stohl * * 7 August 2002 * * Changes * 2022 L. Bakels: OpenMP parallelisation *

This routine calculates, for each grid cell of the output nest, the * volume and the surface area. * * Author: A. Stohl * * 30 August 2004 * * Changes * 2022 L. Bakels: OpenMP parallelisation *

Variables: * *

Variables: * alpha help variable * cun 'slip-flow' correction after Cunningham * d01 [um] upper diameter * d02 [um] lower diameter * dc [m2/s] coefficient of Brownian diffusion * delta distance given in standard deviation units * density [kg/m3] density of the particle * dmean geometric mean diameter of interval * dquer [um] geometric mass mean particle diameter * dsigma e.g. dsigma=10 or dsigma=0.1 means that 68% of the mass * are between 0.1dquer and 10dquer * fract(ni) mass fraction of each diameter interval * kn Knudsen number * ni number of diameter intervals, for which deposition * is calculated * schmidt Schmidt number * schmi schmidt**2/3 * vsh [m/s] gravitational settling velocity of the particle * x01 normalized upper diameter * x02 normalized lower diameter * * Constants: * g [m/s2] Acceleration of gravity * kb [J/K] Stefan-Boltzmann constant * lam [m] mean free path of air molecules * myl [kg/m/s] dynamical viscosity of air * nyl [m2/s] kinematic viscosity of air * tr reference temperature * * Function: * erf calculates the integral of the Gauss function * *

Variables: * alpha help variable * fract(nc,ni) mass fraction of each diameter interval * lpdep(nc) 1 for particle deposition, 0 else * nc actual number of chemical components * ni number of diameter intervals, for which vdepj is calc. rdp [s/m] deposition layer resistance * ra [s/m] aerodynamical resistance * schmi(nc,ni) Schmidt number*2/3 of each diameter interval * stokes Stokes number * ustar [m/s] friction velocity * vdep_tmp(nc) [m/s] deposition velocities of all components * vdepj [m/s] help, deposition velocity of 1 interval * vset(nc,ni) gravitational settling velocity of each interval * * Constants: * nc number of chemical species * ni number of diameter intervals, for which deposition * is calculated * *

Checks if the memory of the particle is * still allocated *

This subroutine saves properties chosen by the user in PARTOPTIONS * to a NetCDF file created in create_particles_initialoutput. * This happens whenever a new particle is spawned. * * Author: L. Bakels 2022 * *

Writing a field from PARTOPTIONS to partoutput_xxx.nc created in * writeheader_partoutput * *
Author: L. Bakels 2021 * *

This subroutine averages particle quantities, to be used for particle dump (in partoutput.f90). Averaging is done over output interval. Author: A. Stohl Changes L Bakels: - Computing fields defined in PARTOPTIONS

DESCRIPTION: CALCULATION OF FRICTION VELOCITY AND SURFACE SENS- * IBLE HEAT FLUX USING THE PROFILE METHOD (BERKOVICZ * AND PRAHM, 1982) * * Output now is surface stress instead of ustar * * *

Determines a plume centroid trajectory for each release site, and manages * clustering of particle locations. Certain parameters (average PV, * tropopause height, etc., are provided along the plume trajectories. * At the end, output is written to file 'trajectories.txt'. * * Author: A. Stohl * * 24 January 2002 * * Variables: * fclust fraction of particles belonging to each cluster * hmixcenter mean mixing height for all particles * ncluster number of clusters to be used * pvcenter mean PV for all particles * pvfract fraction of particles with PV<2pvu * rms total horizontal rms distance after clustering * rmsdist total horizontal rms distance before clustering * rmsclust horizontal rms distance for each individual cluster * topocenter mean topography underlying all particles * tropocenter mean tropopause height at the positions of particles * tropofract fraction of particles within the troposphere * zrms total vertical rms distance after clustering * zrmsdist total vertical rms distance before clustering * xclust,yclust, Cluster centroid positions * zclust * *

DESCRIPTION: CALCULATION OF THE STABILITY CORRECTION FUNCTION FOR * MOMENTUM AS FUNCTION OF HEIGHT Z AND OBUKHOV SCALE * HEIGHT L * *

Moved from main flexpart program: * Reading all option files, initialisation of random numbers, and * allocating memory for windfields, grids, etc. * * L. Bakels 2022 * *

Variables: * * Constants: * *

This routine reads the dates and times for which windfields are * available. * * Authors: A. Stohl * * 6 February 1994 * 8 February 1999, Use of nested fields, A. Stohl * *

Variables: * * CL_name name of chemical reagent file * memid time index to chemical field variable * nr reagent index to chemical field variable * *

Variables: * bdate beginning date as Julian date * ctl factor by which time step must be smaller than * Lagrangian time scale * ibdate,ibtime beginnning date and time (YYYYMMDD, HHMISS) * ideltas [s] modelling period * iedate,ietime ending date and time (YYYYMMDD, HHMISS) * ifine reduction factor for vertical wind time step * outputforeachrel for forward runs it is possible either to create * one outputfield or several for each releasepoint * iflux switch to turn on (1)/off (0) flux calculations * iout 1 for conc. (residence time for backward runs) output, 2 for mixing ratio output, 3 both, 4 for plume * trajectory output, 5 = options 1 and 4 * ipin 1 continue simulation with restart.bin file, * 2 continue simulaion with dumped particle data, 0 no * 3 use self-defined initial conditions in netcdf * 4 initial run using option 3, restart from restart.bin ipout 0 no particle dump, 1 every output time, 3 only at end* ipoutfac increase particle dump interval by factor (default 1) * loutaver [s] concentration output is an average over loutaver * seconds * loutsample [s] average is computed from samples taken every [s] * seconds * loutstep [s] time interval of concentration output * lrecoutstep [s] time interval of receptor output * lrecoutaver [s] receptor output is an average of lrecoutaver seconds * lrecoutsample [s] average is computed from samples taken every [s] * lsynctime [s] synchronisation time interval for all particles * lagespectra switch to turn on (1)/off (0) calculation of age * spectra * lconvection value of either 0 and 1 indicating mixing by * convection * = 0 .. no convection * + 1 .. parameterisation of mixing by subgrid-scale * convection = on * lsubgrid switch to turn on (1)/off (0) subgrid topography * parameterization * method method used to compute the particle pseudovelocities * mdomainfill 1 use domain-filling option, 0 not, 2 use strat. O3 * * Constants: * unitcommand unit connected to file COMMAND * *

Reads dry deposition parameters needed by the procedure of Wesely (1989). * Wesely (1989): Parameterization of surface resistances to gaseous * dry deposition in regional-scale numerical models. * Atmos. Environ. 23, 1293-1304. * * * AUTHOR: Andreas Stohl, 19 May 1995 * *

test

Variables: * ks relative number of species * lexist logical to indicate if INITCONC file specified * *

IPIN=3: starting a run from a user defined initial particle conditions, * more on how to create such a file can be found in the manual * IPIN=4: restarting a run, while also reading in the initial particle * conditions * * Author: L. Bakels 2022 * *

Variables: * i loop indices * landinvent(1200,600,13) area fractions of 13 landuse categories * LENGTH(numpath) length of the path names * PATH(numpath) contains the path names * unitland unit connected with landuse inventory * * ----- * Sabine Eckhardt, Dec 06 - new landuse inventary * after * Belward, A.S., Estes, J.E., and Kline, K.D., 1999, * The IGBP-DIS 1-Km Land-Cover Data Set DISCover: * A Project Overview: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, * v. 65, no. 9, p. 1013-1020 * * LANDUSE CATEGORIES: * * 1 Urban land * 2 Agricultural land * 3 Range land * 4 Deciduous forest * 5 Coniferous forest * 6 Mixed forest including wetland * 7 water, both salt and fresh * 8 barren land mostly desert * 9 nonforested wetland * 10 mixed agricultural and range land * 11 rocky open areas with low growing shrubs * 12 ice * 13 rainforest * *

Variables: * dxout,dyout grid distance * numxgrid,numygrid,numzgrid grid dimensions * outlon0,outlat0 lower left corner of grid * outheight(maxzgrid) height levels of output grid [m] * * Constants: * unitoutgrid unit connected to file OUTGRID * *

Variables: * dxoutn,dyoutn grid distances of output nest * numxgridn,numygridn,numzgrid nest dimensions * outlon0n,outlat0n lower left corner of nest * outheight(maxzgrid) height levels of output grid [m] * * Constants: * unitoutgrid unit connected to file OUTGRID * *

Variables: * * Constants: * *

This routine opens the particle dump file and reads all the particle * positions from a previous run to initialize the current run. * * * Author: A. Stohl * * 24 March 2000 * * Changes * 2022, L. Bakels: NetCDF option for reading particle information * *

IPIN=2: restarting from a partoutput_xxx.nc file written by a previous * run, depending on what PARTOPTIONS the user has chosen, this * option might not be possible to use * * Author: L. Bakels 2022 * *

Variables: * length(numpath) lengths of the path names * path(numpath) pathnames of input/output files * * Constants: * numpath number of pathnames to be read in * *

This routine reads names and input paths of chemical reagents * * Author: R. Thompson, Sep 2023 * *

Variables: * receptorarea area of dx*dy at location of receptor * receptorname names of receptors * xreceptor,yreceptor coordinates of receptor points * * Constants: * unitreceptor unit connected to file RECEPTORS * *

Variables: * decay decay constant of species * dquer [um] mean particle diameters * dsigma e.g. dsigma=10 or dsigma=0.1 means that 68% of the mass are between 0.1dquer and 10dquer * ireleasestart, ireleaseend [s] starting time and ending time of each * release * kindz 1: zpoint is in m agl, 2: zpoint is in m asl, 3: zpoint is in hPa * npart number of particles to be released * nspec number of species to be released * density [kg/m3] density of the particles * rm [s/m] Mesophyll resistance * species name of species * xmass total mass of each species * xpoint1,ypoint1 geograf. coordinates of lower left corner of release * area * xpoint2,ypoint2 geograf. coordinates of upper right corner of release * area * weta_gas, wetb_gas parameters for below-cloud scavenging (gas) * crain_aero, csnow_aero parameters for below-cloud scavenging (aerosol) * ccn_aero, in_aero parameters for in-cloud scavenging (aerosol) * zpoint1,zpoint2 height range, over which release takes place * num_min_discrete if less, release cannot be randomized and happens at * time mid-point of release interval * lroot true if serial version, or if MPI and root process * *

This routine opens the particle dump file and reads all the particle * positions and gridded information from a previous run to initialize * the current run. * * Author: L. Bakels 2022 * *

Author: A. Stohl * * 11 July 1996 * * Changes: * N. Kristiansen, 31.01.2013: Including parameters for in-cloud scavenging * * HSO, 13 August 2013 added optional namelist input * R. Thompson, 18.01.2024 * variables for LCM * *

Changes, Bernd C. Krueger, Feb. 2001: * Variables tth and qvh (on eta coordinates) in common block * * Unified ECMWF and GFS builds * Marian Harustak, 12.5.2017 * - Renamed from readwind to readwind_ecmwf * * L. Bakels, 2021: OpenMP parallelisation (following CTM version) * *
Anne Tipka, Petra Seibert 2021-02: implement new interpolation * for precipitation according to #295 using 2 additional fields * change some double loops in wrong order to forall constructs * *

Unified ECMWF and GFS builds * Marian Harustak, 12.5.2017 * - Renamed routine from readwind to readwind_gfs * * Petra Seibert, Anne Tipka, 2021-02: implement new interpolation * just catch numpf>1 and produce error msg, adjust rank of precip * and correct some loops in bad order * * *
Anne Tipka, Petra Seibert 2021-02: implement new interpolation * for precipitation according to #295 using 2 additional fields * change some double loops in wrong order to forall constructs * *

Anne Tipka, Petra Seibert 2021-02: implement new interpolation * for precipitation according to #295 using 2 additional fields * change some double loops in wrong order to forall constructs * *

testing

This routine opens the receptor output files and writes out the receptor * names, location and times. The receptor output files are not * closed, but kept open throughout the simulation. Concentrations are * continuously dumped to these files. * * Author: A. Stohl * 7 August 2002 * * Modified: R. Thompson * January 2024: for moving receptors * changed format write to: * nspec * and then for each timestep and receptors: * name, lat, lon, alt, time, nn, xk, conc, unc * *

testing

Do the redistribution of particles due to convection This subroutine is called for each particle which is assigned a new vertical position randomly, based on the convective redistribution matrix

CBL skewed vertical profiles and formulation of LHH 1996 with profile of w^3 from lHB 2000 LHH formulation has been modified to account for variable density profiles and backward in time or forward in time simulations This routine re-initialize particle velocity if a numerical instability in the cbl scheme generated a NaN value The particle velocity is extracted from the updraft and downdraft distribution as required
The re-initialization si not perfect See e.g. Cassiani et al(2015) BLM

Variables: * itime [s] current time * ireleasestart, ireleaseend start and end times of all releases * npart(maxpoint) number of particles to be released in total * numrel number of particles to be released during this time * step * *

This routine opens the satellite output files for subsequent writing * * Author: R. Thompson * January 2024 * *

Sets the longitude of the particle

Sets the longitude of the particle

Sets the longitude of the particle

Sets the latitude of the particle

Sets the latitude of the particle

Sets the latitude of the particle

Updates the height of the particle

Updates the height of the particle

Updates the height of the particle

Updates the height of the particle

This subroutine shifts global fields by nxshift grid cells, in order to * facilitate all sorts of nested wind fields, or output grids, which, * without shifting, would overlap with the domain "boundary". * * Author: A. Stohl * * 3 July 2002 * *

This subroutine shifts global fields by nxshift grid cells, in order to * facilitate all sorts of nested wind fields, or output grids, which, * without shifting, would overlap with the domain "boundary". * * Author: A. Stohl * * 3 July 2002 * *

This routine reads nlines from unit iunit and discards them * * Authors: Petra Seibert * * 31 Dec 1998 * *

Spawning particles

Spawning particles

Written on 3/31/94 by Dr. Albion Taylor NOAA / OAR / ARL

Written on 3/31/94 by Dr. Albion Taylor NOAA / OAR / ARL

Terminating specified particle

Handles the computation of trajectories, i.e. determines which * trajectories have to be computed at what time. * Manages dry+wet deposition routines, radioactive decay and the computation * of concentrations. * * Author: A. Stohl * * 20 May 1996 * *

Determine the new diffusivity velocities

Updates the longitude of the particle

Updates the longitude of the particle

Updates the longitude of the particle

Updates the latitude of the particle

Updates the latitude of the particle

Updates the latitude of the particle

Updates the height of the particle

Updates the height of the particle

Updates the height of the particle

Updates the height of the particle

CHANGES * * Major update: 17 February 1999 * by G. Wotawa * * - Vertical levels for u, v and w are put together * - Slope correction for vertical velocity: Modification of calculation * procedure * * Changes, Bernd C. Krueger, Feb. 2001: * Variables tth and qvh (on eta coordinates) from common block * * Sabine Eckhardt, March 2007 * added the variable cloud for use with scavenging - descr. in com_mod * * Unified ECMWF and GFS builds * Marian Harustak, 12.5.2017 * - Renamed from verttransform to verttransform_ecmwf * * Date: 2017-05-30 modification of a bug in ew. Don Morton (CTBTO project) * * Lucie Bakels, 2022 * - Separated the code into subroutines * - In case of wind_coord_type='ETA': keep ECMWF vertical winds in eta * coordinates * - OpenMP parallelisation * * Petra Seibert, Anne Philipp, 2019-05-02: implement wetdepo quickfix * Petra Seibert, Anne Tipka, 2020-11-19: reimplement in latest version * *

z=1

$OMP PARALLEL PRIVATE(jy,ix,kz,dz1,dz2,dz,ix1,jy1,ixp,jyp,dzdx1,dzdx2,dzdx, & $OMP dzdy1,dzdy2,dzdy,dpdeta)

CHANGES * Major update: 17 February 1999 * by G. Wotawa * * - Vertical levels for u, v and w are put together * - Slope correction for vertical velocity: Modification of calculation * procedure * * Bernd C. Krueger, Feb. 2001: * Variables tth and qvh (on eta coordinates) from common block * * Sabine Eckhardt, March 2007: * added the variable cloud for use with scavenging - descr. in com_mod * PS/AT 2018/-21: variable "cloud" is replaced by quickfix, see below * * Unified ECMWF and GFS builds * Marian Harustak, 12.5.2017 * - Renamed from verttransform to verttransform_ecmwf * * undocumented modifications by NILU for v10 * * Petra Seibert, 2018-06-13: * - put back SAVE attribute for INIT, just to be safe * - minor changes, most of them just cosmetics * for details see changelog.txt in branch unive * * Petra Seibert, Anne Philipp, 2019-05-02: implement wetdepo quickfix * Petra Seibert, Anne Tipka, 2020-11-19: reimplement in latest version * *

CHANGES * Major update: 17 February 1999 * by G. Wotawa * * - Vertical levels for u, v and w are put together * - Slope correction for vertical velocity: Modification of calculation * procedure * * Bernd C. Krueger, Feb. 2001: * Variables tthn and qvhn (on eta coordinates) from common block * * Sabine Eckhardt, March 2007: * added the variable cloud for use with scavenging - descr. in com_mod * PS/AT 2018/-21: variable "cloud" is replaced by quickfix, see below * * ESO, 2016 * -note that divide-by-zero occurs when nxmaxn,nymaxn etc. are larger than * the actual field dimensions * * Don Morton, 2017-05-30: * modification of a bug in ew. Don Morton (CTBTO project) * * undocumented modifications by NILU for v10 * * Petra Seibert, 2018-06-13: * - put back SAVE attribute for INIT, just to be safe * - minor changes, most of them just cosmetics * for details see changelog.txt in branch unive * * Petra Seibert, Anne Philipp, 2019-05-02: implement wetdepo quickfix * Petra Seibert, Anne Tipka, 2020-11-19: reimplement in latest version * *

testing

Converting z from meter coordinates to eta using logarithmic vertical * interpolation *

Calculation of wet deposition using the concept of scavenging coefficients.* For lack of detailed information, washout and rainout are jointly treated. * It is assumed that precipitation does not occur uniformly within the whole * grid cell, but that only a fraction of the grid cell experiences rainfall. * This fraction is parameterized from total cloud cover and rates of large * scale and convective precipitation. * * Author: A. Stohl * * 1 December 1996 * * Correction by Petra Seibert, Sept 2002: * use centred precipitation data for integration * Code may not be correct for decay of deposition! * * 2021 Andreas Plach: - moved backward wet depo. calc. here from timemanager * - bugfix in-cloud scavenging * * PS, AP 2021: followed up on some variable renaming and * corrected get_wetscav subroutine parameter list *

Variables: * * nunc uncertainty class of the respective particle * nage age class of the respective particle * deposit amount (kg) to be deposited * *

Variables: * * nunc uncertainty class of the respective particle * nage age class of the respective particle * deposit amount (kg) to be deposited * *

Transformation from along- and cross-wind components to u and v * components. * * Author: A. Stohl * * 3 June 1996 * *

This routine writes the receptor concentrations for each time step * and receptor to binary output files * * R. Thompson, January 2024 * *

testing

This routine writes the satellite concentrations for each time step * and receptor to binary output files * * R. Thompson, January 2024 * *

testing

This routine produces a file header containing basic information on the * settings of the FLEXPART run. * The header file is essential and must be read in by any postprocessing * program before reading in the output data. * * Author: A. Stohl * * 7 August 2002 * *

This routine produces a file header containing basic information on the * settings of the FLEXPART run. * The header file is essential and must be read in by any postprocessing * program before reading in the output data. * * Author: A. Stohl * * 7 August 2002 * *

This routine produces a file header containing basic information on the * settings of the FLEXPART run. * The header file is essential and must be read in by any postprocessing * program before reading in the output data. * * Author: A. Stohl * * 7 August 2002 * *

This routine produces a file header containing basic information on the * settings of the FLEXPART run. * The header file is essential and must be read in by any postprocessing * program before reading in the output data. * * Author: A. Stohl * * 7 August 2002 * *

Create netcdf file and write header/metadata information lnest = .false. : Create main output file lnest = .true. : Create nested output file

This subroutine creates a file (partoutput_xxx.nc), where every time * interval particle properties specified in the PARTOPTIONS option file * are saved to. Running options are saved as header informtion to this * file as well. * * Author: L. Bakels 2021 * *

This routine produces a file header containing basic information on the * settings of the FLEXPART run. * The header file is essential and must be read in by any postprocessing * program before reading in the output data. * * Author: A. Stohl * * 7 August 2002 * modified IP 2013 for text output *

This routine produces a file containing total precipitation for each * releases point. * * Author: S. Eckhardt * 7 Mai 2017 *

This subroutine saves initial particle positions, release time and * releasenumber to a NetCDF file created in create_particles_initialoutput * evertime a new particle is spawned. * * Author: L. Bakels 2022 * *

Converting z from meter coordinates to eta using logarithmic vertical * interpolation *

Converting z from meter coordinates to eta using linear interpolation * *

Converting z from eta coordinates to meters using logarithmic * vertical interpolation *

Converting z from eta coordinates to meters using linear interpolation * *